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In the Exposition of the Hieroglyphical Figures , Flamel claims to have bought for two florins a book entitled the Book of Abraham the Jew , and notes that I believe it had been stolen or taken from the miserable Jews; or found hid in some part of the ancient place of their abode. Biographical information Rubella can cause a number of serious consequences during pregnancy, such as stillbirth and miscarriage. Or, a Top Secret Human Experiment Gone Wild? This time the abortion happened in England in 1966 for psychiatric reasons. Apparently, his incredible wealth and generosity brought him to the attention of Charles VI, who ordered an investigation into Flamel but found nothing of interest. Though there hasnt been a single case of polio in the United States since 1979, a significant number of people are still thought to be living with the after-effects. But one day you will see in it that which no other man will be able to see. In the dream, Nicholas had reached for the book but woke up before he could touch it. [Online] Available at: http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1910417_1 Vitz, E., Moore, J., Shorb, J., Prat-Resina, X., Wendorff, T., and Hahn, A. But the symbols and writing in this book were beyond Flamel's understanding, although he strove to solve its mysteries for over 21 years. Virtually none of his newfound wealth was used to enhance his own way of living but was used exclusively for charitable purposes. For instance, in Victor Hugos 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame , the main antagonist, Claude Frollo, dabbles in alchemy and spends a great amount of his time studying the carving in the Holy Innocents Cemetery, where Flamel is alleged to have hid his alchemical secrets and codes. And he might still be alive today! Their funerals were faked, he said, and both of them migrated to India, where they still lived. It was never found. Albus Dumbledore, his good and long-time friend, Albus Dumbledore was a close friend to Nicolas. Married[3][4] Between 1300 and 1326[1] The truth: Nicholas Flamel was born in Paris on September 28, 1330. The legend of Flamel as an immortal alchemist probably dates to 17th century. The Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris contains works copied in his own hand and original works written by him. And he might still be alive today! This belief . recommend reading 'The Alchemist', it talks about Nicholas Flamel. More Controversy on the Roswell Affair: An Alien Accident? With the king himself as a witness, Dubois allegedly used the powder to turn balls of lead into gold. The search for immortality has become a common theme of obsession in many stories throughout history, from ancient Chinese emperors seeking elixirs of life to those looking for the actual Fountain of Youth, it seems as if there are no limits to the lengths people have been willing to go to live forever. What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? The man known as Nicolas Flamel was born in 1330, going on to live in Paris and become a scribe and manuscript seller. This was Nicolas Flamel , a French librarian and scribe who lived between 1330 and 1418 in Paris. [Online] Available at: https://historyofalchemy.com/list-of-alchemists/nicolas-flamel/, Molli. During the reign of Louis XIII in the first half of the 17th century, however, a descendant of Flamel by the name of Dubois might have inherited the book and some of the projection powder. In fact, even in cases where informed consent is obtained, there is still some debate about the ethics of using human tissue because genetic material is familial by nature, and this decision could potentially affect many other relatives other than the one who provided it. Library in Stone: The Ica Stones of Professor Cabrera Part I, Two Sides to Every Story: The North American Martyrs Shrines and Indigenous/ Roman Catholic Relations, The Origins of the Faeries: Encoded in our Cultures Part I, Curse of the Buried Pearl: The Hunt for Ancient Treasures Part I, The Enigma of the Shugborough Inscription, Making a Magical Substance for Health and Wealth - Discovery of Alchemy Transcripts by Newton, Medieval Science Fiction Existed Heres What it Looked Like, Religion Isnt The Enemy of Science: Its Been Inspiring Scientists for Centuries, Following Symbols and the Bones of a Dead Sorcerer: Mysteries of the Camino de Santiago Part II, Ancient Mythology Informs Modern Series: The Fantastical Folktales of Harry Potter, The Forgotten Cleopatra: Searching for Cleopatra the Alchemist and Her Golden Secret, https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/house-of-nicolas-flamel. This strict cut-off is known as the Hayflick limit, and it has two important consequences. As the legend of Flamels immortality spread, people began to report seeing him out and about. But Dubois only possessed what remained of his ancestor's powder and was unable to read the book of Abraham the Jew. I Often Hear That: I'll Share Some With You, TikTok and Its Strange Proliferation of Mysterious Accounts of Skinwalkers, Shamans, Psychedelics, and One Man's mystical Journey in the Amazon to Find a Miracle Cure. Apart from owning several properties, the couple also contributed financially to many churches and hostels. Returning to Flamel the alchemist, he seems to have been more fortunate than the real-life alchemists in his quest for the Elixir of Life and the Philosophers Stone. The Nicolas Flamel character is based on a real-life person. Discover the truth behind Michael Scott's New York Times bestselling series the Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel with . The man came in off the street with a book that he said he needed to sell for money, not particularly strange considering Flamels line of work, but what was strange was that he immediately recognized it as the very same book that the angel had been holding in his dream. Then in 1962, Hayflick made another discovery. The remainder of the Exposition of the Hieroglyphical Figures deals with the decipherment of the Book of Abraham the Jew . While Newton is best-known for his immense contributions to classical mechanics, optics, and calculus, he is much less known for his alchemical works. In this light, the cell line is considered by some as potentially representing aprivacy risk. Various pieces of Nicolas Flamel . He would spend around 21 years doing this, slowly unlocking certain bits and pieces of the manuscript, yet it still eluded him. 1992[2]) was a French wizard and famed alchemist who was the only known maker of the Philosopher's Stone, a legendary substance with incredible powers. Discover the truth in Michael Scott's New York Times bestselling series the Secrets of Because of Nicolas' frail state due to his extremely advanced age, Jacob's firm grip hurt him and he screamed from the pain. He also appears in the 2018 spinoff film Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, where he is portrayed by Brontis Jodorowsky. An alchemical book, published in Paris in 1612 as Livre des figures hiroglyphiques and in London in 1624 as Exposition of the Hieroglyphical Figures was attributed to Flamel. Saint-Germain, the so-called "Immortal Count," has been named across multiple periods of history. It is said that he later funded both the academy's chateau and grounds, and a fountain on the grounds was named after the couple.[3]. Join MU Plus+ and get exclusive shows and extensions & much more! However, Dumbledore assured him that, for them, it would be like "going to bed after a very, very long day", implying that when Nicolas and his wife passed on, their deaths would be dignified and peaceful. Gellert Grindelwald's Paris rally participants, Plot to steal the Philosopher's Stone participants, Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald - The Original Screenplay, Writing by J. K. Rowling: "Beauxbatons Academy of Magic", Writing by J. K. Rowling: "Nicolas Flamel", A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick, and Surgery, The Famous French Method for the Bite of a Mad Dog. The Mystery of New York's Renegade Subway Psychic, Forget About What We Know About Roswell: It's What's Missing About the Case That We Need to Look For, Archeologists Discover Another Secret Corridor Inside the Great Pyramid of Giza, Loch Ness: A Creepy Place Filled With Paranormal Phenomena, "What's the Creepiest Thing You've Ever Seen or Heard?" Ancient Chinese Earthquake Detector Invented 2,000 Years Ago Really Worked! The Harry Potter Wiki is written from the perspective that all information presented in canon is true (e.g., Hogwarts really existed), and, as such, details contained in this article may differ from real world facts. For example, as early as the 17th century, there were claims by travelers that Flamel and his wife were still alive and working in India. 2019. TIME USA, LLC. Male[5] Once they had arrived safely at the Flamel House, which was by then well protected by various Protective enchantments, Scamander was able to remove the Water dragon parasite from Kama's eye. Flamel supposedly spent 21 years trying to decipher it all. In it, he claimed to have successfully made the philosopher's stone, a mythical object which allows its owner to turn base metals to gold and produce the elixir of life. Firstly, our current lifespans might not just be constrained by the way we live our lives our diets, and so on. Discover the truth behind Michael Scott's New York Times bestselling series the Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel with the lost story "Nicholas Flamel and the Codex," an ebook original short story. (Source: Levene, Trevor H. Transforming Matter: A History of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball.) This book was said to have been lost long ago, but that it would always find its way to a person who was destined for its secrets. And other historical figures", United States National Library of Medicine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Flamel&oldid=1139970687. [Online] Available at: https://www.discoverwalks.com/blog/the-juiciest-facts-about-nicolas-flamel/. How many 5 letter words can you make from Cat in the Hat? What type of electrical charge does a proton have? Flamel would remain a fixture of the alchemical world into later centuries, mentioned in various works of fiction and even making his way into modern pop culture, appearing in the best-selling novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone and its film adaptation, as well as its spinoff film Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald. Many books and videos show depictions of vast work forces hewing blocks of stone in the hot desert sun and carefully setting them into place. But nowhere does it say that Flamel is dead. In his laboratory at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, he managed to incubate some of the tissue in several glass bottles at 37C (98F). Which would indeed make him around 665 at the time of Philosophers Stone if he had really had access to Elixir of Life (and some people think he might have). He had two humble shops in Paris, and married a woman named Perenelle in 1368. . In the early part of the 17th century, a man named Dubois claimed to be a descendant of Flamel, and also that he had inherited some of the secrets and could fashion gold from lead. Most people know of the great construction achievements of the dynastic Egyptians such as the pyramids and temples of the Giza Plateau area as well as the Sphinx. This discovery was made in 1649 by Hennig Brand, a German alchemist, who was in search of the Philosophers Stone. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Immortal Nicholas Flamel, but end up in harmful downloads. [Online] Available at: https://www.theoldcraft.com/2018/03/22/nicolas-flamel-living-the-alchemi Redford, B. Sadly, Canches would die before it was completed, but Flamel had learned enough to continue decoding the manuscript himself. He owed his considerable age to the Elixir of Life, which was produced from the Stone, along with his wife Perenelle. [9] In 1762 he was spotted at an opera house in Paris. The real Nicolas Flamel - because he was a real person - was probably born in 1330 in Pontoise, near Paris. Read about our approach to external linking. Canches recognised Abraham the Jew as one of the earliest masters of the Jewish mystical tradition of Kabbalah and translated the few pages Flamel had with him before agreeing to travel back to France and translate the rest. Their wealth and philanthropy has become part of the legend that surrounds Flamels posthumous reputation as an alchemist. In the laboratory, the virus has been shown to be carcinogenic, and a possible link between the virus and several types of cancer, from brain cancer to lymphoma, has been investigated, but there isnt yet definitive evidence either way. Apart from Flamels tombstone, another artifact relating to his afterlife is his will, which is dated the 22nd of November 1416. So began his obsessive quest to decipher the book. https://frenchmoments.eu/maison-de-nicolas-flamel-the-oldest-house-of-pa https://www.theoldcraft.com/2018/03/22/nicolas-flamel-living-the-alchemi https://www.livescience.com/39314-alchemy.html, https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/history/about, http://www.levity.com/alchemy/flamel.html. [Online] Available at: http://www.levity.com/alchemy/flamel.html. Another real alchemist seemed to discover the trick to immortality. What are the Physical devices used to construct memories? Species He and his wife began giving massive amounts of money to various philanthropist projects, as well as making donations to the Church, with no one able to figure out where all of this money was coming from. One of these was a man who lived in the 15th century, who through ancient magic and alchemy supposedly found the secrets to life eternal. Why are the cells so special? Nicolas Flamel was born on September 28, 1330. Nicholas Flamel appeared in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter --but did you know he really lived? Some wonder, in fact, if Flamel is still alive. One day when Flamel was working alone in his shop, a stranger approached him who was desperate to sell an old book for some much-needed money. Is Nicolas Flamel Still Alive? He was well over six hundred years old as of 1992,[1] being one of the oldest wizards in history. [5], Nicolas was implied to have been in personal combat, but had become inactive in this field by the 1720s. For instance, one of the ways the couple spent their wealth was to commission sculpted works for churches, an example of which is the tympanum of the charnel house (long since destroyed) of the Holy Innocents Cemetery. Born . Nicolas was the first known Beauxbatons student introduced in the series, though the fact that he attended Beauxbatons was only revealed on Pottermore. Perenelle Flamel (wife) [4]Flamel family[4] [7], When Albus Dumbledore began to take action to stop Gellert Grindelwald, Nicolas Flamel, as his friend, decided to help him in this, and agreed to let him use his home as a safehouse for any potential allies should the situation require it, and gave him a card leading to the home. [Online] Available at: https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ancillary_Materials/Exemplars_an Wu Mingren (Dhwty) has a Bachelor of Arts in Ancient History and Archaeology. It was some time during his trip to Spain when Flamel would supposedly meet a Jewish scholar and sage by the name of Maestro Canches, who identified Flamel's book as being a copy of the original Book of Abramelin the Mage, one of the greatest masters to have ever studied the mysteries of the mystical Kabbalah. For the HeLa cell line, there have been some efforts to achieve this. The same power of the stone that brings about transmutation can also result in the Elixir of Life, which would allow a person to live forever or, by some accounts, at least 1,000 years. How many nieces and nephew luther vandross have? . Who were the models in Van Halen's finish what you started video? Though the old Jew had deciphered only those few pages, Flamel was able to use that knowledge to understand the entire book. In his youth, Nicolas attended Beauxbatons Academy of Magic in the Pyrenees Mountains of France, and it was there that he met Perenelle, his future wife. Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? Flamels reputation was fuelled by a number of books attributed to him long after his death. But Jews were still not allowed in Paris and Canches' extreme old age would have made the journey difficult anyway. When Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone was written, Flamel's age was pegged at 665 years. Very much like the lyrics of the famous She may be ancient Egypts most famous face, but the quest to find the eternal resting place of Queen Nefertiti has never been hotter. Nicolas Flamel This means their use was never restricted, and scientists around the world were able to share them freely with colleagues. Any material collected is subject to the Common Rule a set of ethical standards introduced in 1981, which researchers must comply with in order to receive federal funding. Fortunately for us, Villain not only critiqued the widespread belief in Flamel being an accomplished alchemist, but also, through his hard work, uncovered the real history of this larger-than-life figure. The three were attempting to track down Credence Barebone, a young wizard important to Grindelwald's plans, though for different reasons. On top of that, no known alchemical treatise dating to the late 16 th century cites Flamel as a medieval source. Most amazingly, he told Lucas that Flamel and his wife were still alive! But their use has also created a moral dilemma. Missing too was the book of Abraham the Jew. The truth: Nicholas Flamel was born in Paris on September 28, 1330. A Blazing Weapon: Unraveling the Mystery of Greek Fire. Why was the decision Roe v. Wade important for feminists? The legend: Nicholas Flamel discovered the secret of What are the answers to studies weekly week 26 social studies? Whether the introduction of the virus had any medical consequences is still under question as is the possibility that it is now spreading to people who were never vaccinated. those from the 17thcentury, however, turned him into a successful alchemist, and his reputation as such remained unquestioned for over a century. Sophie and Josh Newman are finally home, but they're both more confused than ever about their future. Is Nicholas Flamel still alive? At least some content in this article is derived from information featured in: Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery& Harry Potter: Puzzles & Spells& Harry Potter: Magic Awakened.As such, spoilers will be present within the article. Nicolas Flamel was known to have been a scribe. But there is a curious footnote to this story that causes one to wonder. He has since appeared as a legendary alchemist in various fictional works. The cover was an ancient looking, ornate worked copper adorned with arcane symbols and designs, and opening it showed that it was apparently authored by Abraham the Jew, prince, priest, Levite, astrologer and philosopher. This was followed by a litany of warnings to the reader of the book being cursed for those who were not worthy to read it, followed by pages and pages of cryptic text, designs, illustrations, diagrams, and symbols, all written in an unintelligible hodgepodge of Greek ancient Hebrew, and other languages, most of which he did not understand and some which he had never seen before. In spite of his advanced age, Nicolas was happy to do what he could to help put an end to the Dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald's seemingly unstoppable rise to power, and agreed to let his home be used as a safehouse for those who opposed him. [11] Interest in Flamel revived in the 19th century: Victor Hugo mentioned him in The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Erik Satie was intrigued by Flamel,[12] and Albert Pike refers to Nicholas Flamel in his book Morals and Dogma of the Scottish Rite of Freemasonry. Nicholas Flamel appeared in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter seriesbut did you know he really lived? Answer (1 of 3): Nicholas Flamel is not only a character in the Harry Potter Series but he is also a real person in the real world and associated with the creation of the philosopher's stone. In fact, . I They also saw Credence Barebone and Nagini heading there, along with Queenie Goldstein, Tina's sister and Jacob's fiancee. Although he appeared to have had some doubts about his own abilities, Nicolas nevertheless proved himself to be a very brave and selfless individual, as he arrived to help Newt Scamander and the latter's allies to fight Grindelwald at the Lestrange Mausoleum when called upon to do so by Eulalie Hicks; though he had not been entirely certain that he was up to the task. Although his primary interest is in the ancient civilizations of the Near East, he is also interested in other geographical regions, as well as other time periods. Read More. Unknown length, wood and core[6] How many 5 letter words can you make from Cat in the Hat? Flamel is also recorded to have served as a church warden in his parish and that he married a woman by the name of Pernelle (or Perenelle) in 1368. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their computer. She brought the wealth of two previous husbands to the marriage. Died Looking for Pottermore? Gender And how can we justify continuing to use them given the way they were obtained? Ironically, their efforts to overcome it in cells have arguably helped to keep more of us alive than research into immortality ever has. One possible explanation for the Flamels philanthropy is that they were childless and therefore could afford to spend on charitable works and monumental art pieces. It was in Greek and other languages Flamel couldnt understand, including Hebrew. After his death, Flamel developed a reputation as an alchemist believed to have created and discovered the philosopher's stone and to have thereby achieved immortality. The real Flamel was no alchemist he had worked as a scribe, and died in 1418 at the respectable age of 88. Soon after Hayflick discovered that cells are mortal, he realised that if you siphon some off each time they divide and freeze them, a single source can theoretically provide an almost unlimited supply around 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10 sextillion) in total. The 17th century also saw various texts suddenly appear to talk of Nicholas Flamels alchemical prowess, with books supposedly written by him appearing as well, to the point that he became legendary and served to fuel the massive popularity of alchemy at the time, even referenced in Isaac Newton's journals to "the Caduceus, the Dragons of Flammel. In the meantime, rumors began to swirl that not only had Flamel managed the feat of transmutation, but had also harnessed the secrets of immortality. By then, a German team had already published the full sequence on the internet. Biology, nature, and cryptozoology still remain Brent Swancers first intellectual loves. Again, during the 18th century, when the debate surrounding Flamels reputation as an alchemist was raging in Paris, some deluded spectators allegedly saw Flamel, his wife, and his son, attending a performance at the Paris opera. Family members So far, the cells have contributed to over 70,000 studies, and led to the discovery that the majority of cervical cancers are caused by the HPV virus. The truth: Nicholas Flamel's tomb is empty. Jacob apologised, but Nicolas was okay. The house, known today as the Nicolas Flamel House, was completed in 1407 and is situated at 51 Rue de Montmorency, in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris. Norimitsu Odachi: Who Could Have Possibly Wielded This Enormous 15th Century Japanese Sword? [4] He was buried in Paris at the end of the nave of the former Church of Saint-Jacques-de-la-Boucherie. [Online] Available at: https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/history/about, The Alchemy web site on Levity.com. Nicholas Flamel is the greatest Alchemyst to ever live. It is from this will that we have an idea of Flamels wealth. While the 's' is articulated in the. According to texts ascribed to Flamel almost 200 years after his death, he had learned alchemical secrets from a Jewish converso on the road to Santiago de Compostela. (Tholme / Public Domain ). When Newt, Tina, Jacob, Yusuf, Nagini and Theseus Scamander ran out of the fire consuming everything, Nicolas ordered them to form a circle, plant their wands in the ground and use the General Counter-Spell. [7] A Paris street near the Louvre Museum, the rue Nicolas Flamel, has been named after him; it intersects with the rue Pernelle, named after his wife. Records show that Flamel died in 1418. Alchemist turning lead into gold. [4], Flamel was also well known for his love of opera. Wand Personally I believe either, alchemy is When Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone was written, Flamel's age was pegged at 665 years. Flamel was briefly mentioned on Albus Dumbledore's Chocolate Frog Card. Nicolas Flamel shared the Elixir of Life with Perenelle, making them both functionally immortal until the Stone was destroyed in 1992. [8] It is a collection of designs purportedly commissioned by Flamel for a tympanum at the Cimetire des Innocents in Paris, long disappeared at the time the work was published. You have to think, well what about the ethical consequences of not using the cell line? says Olshansky. In total, the cells are likely to have saved 10.3 million lives from deadly diseases (Credit: Andrew Brookes/Getty Images). The sorcerer's stone is the philosopher's stone, just Americanized. The angel had appeared holding a book, telling him: One day you will see in it that which no other man will be able to see. 2019. Nicolas Flamel. The topic of this article is of a real-life subject that has been mentioned "in-universe" in a canon source. The issue was first brought to the public attention by the 2010 book, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, about an African-American woman of the same name who unknowingly had cells taken from a cervical tumour and turned into the popular cell line HeLa in 1951. Throughout time, the quest to eliminate death in order to achieve indefinite life in the physical body has taken various forms As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. Flamel family[4]Beauxbatons Academy of Magic[3]Albus Dumbledore[4][7] Flamel is mentioned in Victor Hugos The Hunchback of Notre Dame, the composer Erik Satie was said to be fascinated by him, and the freemason Albert Pike mentions him in his book Morals and Dogma, a philosophical rationale of freemasonry. Unfortunately, he fell ill on the journey and died before they reached Paris. It turns out ordinary human cells can only divide between 40 and 60 times before they undergo a violent, pre-determined death. He had two humble shops in Paris, and married a woman named Perenelle in 1368. He was buried in Paris, beneath a tombstone he designed himself, and his will dated 1416 apparently left the majority of his library to a nephew, Perrier, of whom little else is known. It was claimed that he in fact had been deeply into the mystical arts of alchemy, an interest which had turned to an obsession starting with a dream. All the official documents relating to his life have been found: his marriage contract, his deeds of gift, his will. Community content is available under. The contamination is thought to have occurred because the cells were usually grown fresh from monkeys as opposed to from a stock of laboratory cells and SV40 is a common infection in the most widely used species, the rhesus macaque. The secrets to eternal life are hidden within the book he protectsthe Book of Abraham the Mage. The French Catholic couple owned several properties and contributed financially to churches, sometimes by commissioning sculptures. French[3] Others say there is no indication that Flamel had any involvement in alchemy at all, and the stories about the mysterious book are just that: stories. When Jacob saw, he asked Flamel where the place in the ball was located, and requested Nicolas to look after Kama, however when Jacob looked at the place where Yusuf should have been laying, Yusuf was gone, making the request obsolete. However, while Lacks' descendents are generally proud of what her cells have achieved, some have been critical that others have profited from them, when her own family has not. The physician was able to decipher the book, after which he and Flamel left for France. While watching, the alchemist became scared and wanted to warn Albus with the help of his book, he was shocked to see that Dumbledore was not available, so he panickedly flipped a few more pages and found that Eulalie Hicks was there, who advised him to go immediately. Traduzioni in contesto per "vivo ancora, grazie" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Ci vivo ancora, grazie a lui. He and Perenelle regularly used the potion after that time. According to contemporary sources, he was a scribe and manuscript seller. Needless to say, as time went by, the legends surrounding Nicolas Flamel grew and were embellished by his supporters, and some of these will be mentioned later on. While sorting through some 280,000 artifacts excavated from land reserved for a highway construction project running from Cambridge to the village of Huntingdon in eastern England, archaeologists affiliated with the Museum of London Archaeology discovered a miniature comb that was incredibly ancient and also made from a most unusual material. It was also full of awe-inspiring symbols which Flamel realised were instructions on alchemy.