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The speaker brings a doctors bag from 1885 containing example medical instruments of the Civil War and the 1800s for show and tell. Stuarts Wild Ride Through Montgomery CountySpeaker: Robert Plumb. [citation needed], The first bloodshed of the Civil War occurred in Maryland. I turned and saw Dr. R. S. Steuart. [74] Article 24 of the constitution at last outlawed the practice of slavery. [1] In the leadup to the American Civil War, it became clear that the state was bitterly divided in its sympathies. $40.00 + $5.80 shipping. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (nps.gov) parallels the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., to Antietam. In the 14 months of its existence, 45,000 prisoners were received at Andersonville prison, and of these nearly 13,000 died. Upon inspecting the camp, the U.S Sanitary Commission reported that the the amount of standing water, of unpoliced grounds, of foul sinks, of general disorder, of soil reeking with miasmic accretions, of rotten bones and emptying of camp kettles..was enough to drive a sanitarian mad." But the markers, and history, misplace the site. Of the Trimble count, McKim states The estimate above alluded to, of 20,000 Marylanders in the Confederate service, rests apparently upon no better basis than an oral statement of General Cooper to General Trimble, in which he said he believed that the muster rolls would show that about 20,000 men in the Confederate army had given the State of Maryland as the place of their nativity. The battle was part of Early's raid through the Shenandoah Valley and into Maryland, attempting to divert Union forces away from Gen. Robert E. Lee's army under siege at Petersburg, Virginia. In some instances, however, simple error and ignorance devolved into treachery and malicious intent, culminating in tragic losses of human life. Antietam Camp #3 is part of the Department of the Chesapeake, which includes Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. In 1861, while the population was quite low, the death rate hovered around 2%. Because Maryland's sympathies were divided, many Marylanders would fight one another during the conflict. Stuart. Prisoners relied upon their own ingenuity for constructing drafty and largely inadequate shelters consisting of sticks, blankets, and logs. It did not affect Maryland. Also known as Point Lookout Camp and Lookout Point Camp . The Maryland legislature refused to ratify both the 14th Amendment, which conferred citizenship rights on former slaves, and the 15th Amendment, which gave the vote to African Americans. In 1865, when the number of prisoners ballooned to its peak, the death rate exceeded 28%. [69] Such celebrations would prove short lived, as Steuart's brigade was soon to be severely damaged at the Battle of Gettysburg (July 13, 1863), a turning point in the war and a reverse from which the Confederate army would never recover. WebThe Battle of Monocacy (also known as Monocacy Junction) was fought on July 9, 1864, about 6 miles (9.7 km) from Frederick, Maryland, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War. [52], Overall, the Official Records of the War Department credits Maryland with 33,995 white enlistments in volunteer regiments of the United States Army and 8,718 African American enlistments in the United States Colored Troops. WebThirty pen and ink maps of the Maryland Campaign, 1862 : drawn from descriptive readings and map fragments Names Russell, Robert E. L. Created / Published Baltimore : Robert E. Lee Russell, 1932. One notable Maryland front line regiment was the 2nd Maryland Infantry, which saw considerable combat action in the Union IX Corps. civil War original matches. [35] Two of the publishers selling his book were then arrested. In Western Maryland, Lees efforts came to head with the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War at Antietam. It was the largest Union POW camp and one of the most secure, as it was [86] Democrats therefore re-branded themselves the "Democratic Conservative Party", and Republicans called themselves the "Union" party, in an attempt to distance themselves from their most radical elements during the war. Donate Now, Civil War in Montgomery County and the Region. All along the East Coast blackout drills were preparing citizens against Hitlers Luftwaffe that were blitzing London. [47], Captain Bradley T. Johnson refused the offer of the Virginians to join a Virginia Regiment, insisting that Maryland should be represented independently in the Confederate army. Visit the battlefields & sites of Antietam, Gettysburg, Monocacy, South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, Baltimore & Washington, DC. 3. In recent years, America has commemorated valor by erecting monuments to entire wars, such as the World War II and the Vietnam Veterans Memorials. "Through Storm and Sunshine": Valorous Vivandires in the Civil War, Point Lookout State Park and Civil War Museum. If I am attacked to-night, please open upon Monument Square with your mortars. On May 13, 1861 General Benjamin F. Butler entered Baltimore by rail with 1,000 Federal soldiers and, under cover of a thunderstorm, quietly took possession of Federal Hill. Author Robert Plumb reads from McClellands letters and narrative excerpts from his book, Between 1861 and 1865, some 29 Union regiments from 13 states stationed at Muddy Branch guarded the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Potomac River crossings in the general area between Seneca and Pennyfield Locks. I therefore hope and trust and most earnestly request that no more troops be permitted or ordered by the Government to pass through the city. The Man Who (Almost) Conquered Washington: Gen. John McCauslandSpeaker: James H. Johnston. When the writ was delivered to General Andrew Porter Provost Marshal of the District of Columbia he had both the lawyer delivering the writ and the United States Circuit Judge, Marylander William Matthew Merrick, who issued the writ, arrested to prevent them from proceeding in the case United States ex rel. [34] Indeed, when Lincoln's dismissal of Chief Justice Taney's ruling was criticized in a September 1861 editorial by Baltimore newspaper editor Frank Key Howard (Francis Scott Key's grandson), Howard was himself arrested by order of Lincoln's Secretary of State Seward and held without trial. After Atlanta fell to Union forces in September 1864, Confederates forces scrabbled to scatter the 30,000 Union soldiers imprisoned at Andersonville Prison in Macon County, Georgia. Stuarts men came through Rockville and captured her husband. During the early summer of 1861, several thousand Marylanders crossed the Potomac to join the Confederate Army. The presentation will include discussion of some of the improvements in the practice of medicine and surgery as a result of the experiences and learning during the Civil War, when coupled with the germ theory and other discoveries after the War, resulted in a revolution in medical science, and the age of modern medicine in America. Civil War era Rare Officer's Traveling Inkwell with Learn about the Underground Railroad Movement by seeing short dramatic portraits of those involved (and some opposed), both anonymous and known. (2021), Schoeberlein, Robert W. "'A Record of Heroism': Baltimores Unionist Women in the Civil War", This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 01:19. Was he right, or was he just telling another tall soldiers tale? On September 17, 1861, the first day of the Maryland legislature's new session, fully one third of the members of the Maryland General Assembly were arrested, due to federal concerns that the Assembly "would aid the anticipated rebel invasion and would attempt to take the state out of the Union. Maryland, as a slave-holding border state, was deeply divided over the antebellum arguments over states' rights and the future of slavery in the Union. The song's lyrics urged Marylanders to "spurn the Northern scum" and "burst the tyrant's chain" in other words, to secede from the Union. Based on a letter that Dora, an ardent abolitionist, wrote to her mother describing her trials as rebel general J.E.B. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. ", Schearer, Michael. that "the 23rd was made up of men mostly from Washington and Baltimore" though the regiment was credited to the state of Virginia. Anxious about the risk of secessionists capturing Washington, D.C., given that the capital was bordered by Virginia, and preparing for war with the South, the federal government requested armed volunteers to suppress "unlawful combinations" in the South. As the Sesquicentennial of the Civil War continues, discover Marylands authentic stories through one Salisbury marks a prime example of the effects that overcrowding had on prison populations, especially given the stark contrast in its camp death rate. But on July 10, Confederate General Jubal Early rode intoRockvillewith 15,000 men headed for Washington D.C. This Civil War presentation will use a life-sized mannequin dressed as a wounded Civil War soldier to discuss and demonstrate some Civil War-era (1860s) battlefield medical procedures and techniques. The barracks were so filthy and infested that the commission claimed, nothing but fire can cleanse them.". Jubal Earlys Attack on WashingtonSpeaker: James H. Johnston. Despite some popular support for the cause of the Confederate States of America, Maryland did not secede during the Civil War. George P. McClelland served with the 155th Pennsylvania Infantry, Army of the Potomac, from August 1862 to his discharge in June 1865. They remembered themselves in monuments through their generals. Jim Johnston uses the statues to tell the story of the Civil War and of the artistry that went into them. The presentation shows the work by blacks and white alike to aid and save enslaved people. Merrick's fellow judges took up the case and ordered General Porter to appear before them, but Lincoln's Secretary of State Seward prevented the federal marshal from delivering the court order. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. Although Union leadership mandated a ceiling of 4,000 prisoners at Elmira, within a month of its opening that numbered had swelled to 12,123 men. His executive officer was the Marylander George H. Steuart, who would later be known as "Maryland Steuart" to distinguish him from his more famous cavalry colleague J.E.B. A brochure published by the home in the 1890s described it as: a haven of rest to which they may retire and find refuge, and, at the same time, lose none of their self-respect, nor suffer in the estimation of those whose experience in life is more fortunate.[83]. Marylands POW Camps in World War II. During this period in spring 1861, Baltimore Mayor Brown,[31] the city council, the police commissioner, and the entire Board of Police were arrested and imprisoned at Fort McHenry without charges. Abolition of slavery in Maryland came before the end of the war, with a new third constitution voted approval in 1864 by a small majority of Radical Republican Unionists then controlling the nominally Democratic state. Limited rations, consisting of cornmeal, beef and/or bacon, resulted in extreme Vitamin-C deficiencies which often times led to deadly cases of scurvy. WebSeal of Maryland during the war. On September 14, 1862, Union forces led by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan met Gen. Robert E. Lee s divided army at the Battle of South Mountain. However, across the state, sympathies were mixed. The battle of Antietam, though tactically a draw, was strategically enough of a Union victory to give Lincoln the opportunity to issue, in September 1862, the Emancipation Proclamation. A further 3,925 Marylanders, not differentiated by race, served as sailors or marines. [71], The state capital Annapolis's western suburb of Parole became a camp where prisoners-of-war would await formal exchange in the early years of the war. As a result, the Rebels spent their winters shivering in biting cold and their summers in sweltering, pathogen-laden heat. The story of Rockvilles Dora Higgins and her experiences during the Civil War. It will bust some 150 year old myths, such as Civil War soldiers being awake and biting on bullets during surgery. During the American Civil War (18611865), Maryland, a slave state, was one of the border states, straddling the South and North. Arrests of Confederate sympathizers and those critical of Lincoln and the war soon followed, and Steuart's brother, the militia general George H. Steuart, fled to Charlottesville, Virginia, after which much of his family's property was confiscated by the Federal Government. Situated on a 54-acre island within the James River, a stone's throw away from the Confederate capital of Richmond, Belle Isle received the ire of Northern politicians and poets alike. Despite some popular support for the cause of the Confederate States of America, Maryland did not secede during the Civil War. William Penn was the largest Civil War camp for the training of officers to lead African American troops. Despite some popular support for the cause of the Confederate States of America, Maryland did not secede during the Civil War. [45] This is the only time in United States military history that two regiments of the same numerical designation and from the same state have engaged each other in battle. $199.99 + $17.99 shipping. WebOver the nine years (1933 - 1942) the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) operated in Maryland , there was an average of twenty-one CCC Camps in the state and any given time, with 15 of these camps sponsored by the State Board of Forestry and located in State Forests and State Parks. The broad surface of the Potomac was blue with floating bodies of our foe. Lastly, Stuarts army captured and controlled a large Union wagon train laden with supplies, which became a significant impediment to Stuarts expeditious travel onward to Pennsylvania. The Odyssey of a Civil War Soldier Speaker: Robert Plumb. In July 1864 the Battle of Monocacy was fought near Frederick, Maryland as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864. The singular actions of Clara Barton, Julia Ward Howe, Sarah Josepha Hale, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and Harriet Tubman led to their prominence during the war, and launched them into successful public roles following the conflict. Disappointingly for the exiles, recruits did not flock to the Confederate banner. Frederick County and Washington County, MD | Sep 14, 1862. P ri mary source material documenting the inhumane conditions in Civil War prisoner of war camps abounds. The document, which replaced the Maryland Constitution of 1851, was largely advocated by Unionists who had secured control of the state, and was framed by a Convention which met at Annapolis in April 1864. [45] Among them were members of the former volunteer militia unit, the Maryland Guard Battalion, initially formed in Baltimore in 1859. Maryland Humanities Council (2001). Randolph McKim, Numerical Strength of the Confederate Army, New York, 1912. [29] Civil authority in Baltimore was swiftly withdrawn from all those who had not been steadfastly in favor of the Federal Government's emergency measures.[30]. Overcrowding brutalized camp conditions in many ways. 228-259 listing more than 300 men born in Maryland. Update, June 15 at 2:00 p.m.: The Maryland State House Trust has voted to remove a plaque in Maryland's Capitol building honoring the Civil War's Union and Confederate soldiers. [85] Maryland has three chapters of the Sons of Confederate Veterans. A Field Guide to Civil War Statues in WashingtonSpeaker: James H. Johnston. [62] However, McClellan waited about 18 hours before deciding to take advantage of this intelligence and position his forces based on it, thus endangering a golden opportunity to defeat Lee decisively. Of the 11,764 Confederates who entered Alton Federal Prison, no fewer than 1,500 perished as result of various diseases and aliments. [66], Lee's setback at the Battle of Antietam can also be seen as a turning point in that it may have dissuaded the governments of France and Great Britain from recognizing the Confederacy, doubting the South's ability to maintain and win the war.[67]. Camp Washington (4) - A Union U.S. Civil War Camp in Kentucky (1861). 51-52. In 1864, elements of the warring armies again met in Maryland, although this time the scope and size of the battle was much smaller. His neighbors are so bitter against him that he dare not go home, and he committed himself so decidedly on the 19th April and is known to be so decided a Southerner, that it more than likely he would be thrown into a Fort. WebThe Civil War Camps at Muddy Branch and the Outpost Camp and Blockhouse at False history marginalizes African Americans and makes us all dumber", Point Lookout History, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, "TimesMachine April 15, 1865 - New York Times", "Lee-Jackson Memorial" Smithsonian Art Inventories Catalog, "Confederate monuments taken down in Baltimore overnight", www.waymarking.com Rockville Civil War Monument - Rockville, Maryland, "As Confederate symbols come down, 'Talbot Boys' endures", National Park Service map of Civil War sites in Maryland, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials.