Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Refugee looks readers straight in the eye, challenging them to truly see these kids who are battling the worst moments of our recent history. After a few weeks in Munich, Mahmouds family is transferred to a host family in Berlin. This compelling novel will help young people make sense of todays refugee crisis. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Refugee (Alan Gratz) - Pages 216 - 269 Summary & Analysis His mother gives the sailor their tickets and they board the boat. Refugee Summary and Study Guide | SuperSummary Mahmoud should not have to decide to give away his little sister to save her life, Josef should not have to slap his father to subdue him, and Isabel should not have to scramble to arrange gasoline for a boat to take her family away to possible safety. A passing, overcrowded boat cannot accommodate all of them, but at Mahmouds insistence, a woman onboard agrees to take Hana. After the Soviet Union collapsed, so too did its aid to Cuba, forcing thousands of families like Isabels into utter poverty. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Refugee Chapters 1-11 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary Margaret Neville, The King's English Bookstore, 2018 Sydney Taylor Book Award Winner for Older Readers, 2018 National Jewish Book Award Winner for Young Adults, New York Times Notable Middle Grade Childrens Book 2017, 2017 Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award Winner, 2018 Indies Choice/E.B. Please wait while we process your payment. Though the stories are fictionalized, the events they draw from are historical, enabling readers to empathize with the perils of those whose lives are too often dismissed as remote news stories. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Mahmouds journey is punctuated by icy rain even when he is still on dry land, as in Turkey, where his family scrambles for a dry place to stay. The passage of the two families is secured by Lito, who throws himself into the water to distract the US Coast Guard. Filled with both tragic loss and ample evidence of resilience, these memorable and tightly plotted stories contextualize and give voice to current refugee crises, Exceptional readers Michael Goldstrom, Kyla Garcia, and Assaf Cohen tackle Gratzs compelling novel. His father was put into a concentration camp during "The Night of Broken Glass," while Josef and his sister, Ruth watched their father being taken inhumanly. A gripping, visceral, and hold-your-breath intense story of three young refugees. Refugee Josef, Chapter 37 - YouTube Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. The second date is today's Meanwhile, the civil war in Syria still continues to precipitate one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. Lito is rescued and deported to Cuba. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Themes T he main themes in Refugee are trauma and growing up, the dehumanization of refugees, and empathy and hope. Gratz accomplishes a feat that is nothing short of brilliantPoignant, respectful, and historically accurate while pulsating with emotional turmoil, adventure, and suspense. As a narrative device, this has the effect of accentuating the perils of unusual transcontinental journeys, which the reader is habituated to consider in terms of air travel. His family decides to leave and trek to Germany. Teachers can view all of their students storyboards, but students can only view their own. Isabel's story is like that of thousands of other Cuban immigrants who all fled Castro's Cuba. They walk to the ship and their father races inside, convinced the authorities will try to stop them. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. After the police see Isabels father participate in a riot, there is no option but for the Fernandez family to leave Cuba by boat. Isabel Fernandez is an eleven-year-old girl who lives just outside Havana in 1994. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. In the end, these three stories are connected. Josef and Rachel were captured by the Nazis, while Ruth was adopted by a kind French family. What is the resolution for Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud inRefugee? Complete your free account to request a guide. Storyboarding is an incredibly powerful tool for educators because it helps students process and understand the information in a deep, meaningful way. Summary This section starts with Josef's perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, "8 days from home" (74). Alan Gratz is the bestselling author of a number of novels for young readers. Fidel Castro has taken over the country of Cuba and the citizens are sick of his dictatorship. A haunting fictional treatment of historic events. Thus, it would be a mistake to interpret Refugee as only a tale about extraordinary, heroic children. In large numbers, Cubans are protesting the regime of Fidel Castro, whose flawed policies they believe have led to the economic catastrophe. The woman promises Mahmoud that she will help them find Hana and reveals to them her own story of being a refugee. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Josefs fathers jump into the sea symbolizes his desire to annihilate himself. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. All three stories make for a great novel and it will teach you a lot and appreciate how good we have it. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Like everyone else during the Holocaust, he was scarred, both emotionally and physically. Ed. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Struggling with distance learning? The rumor proves all too true, however, when the ship is marooned at the Cuban harbor for days, with officials telling the passengers day after day they will be allowed to disembark maanaSpanish for tomorrow. Aaron, who suffers a mental breakdown and jumps ship, is rescued by a Cuban police officer called Mariano Padron and allowed into Cuba, but Josef, Rachel, and Ruthand the rest of the passengers of the St. Louisare turned back. Powerful and compelling. Lito tells the story of the St. Louis and how he had to turn away so many refugees when he was a young policeman. Refugee: Plot Overview | SparkNotes Refugee Chapters 33-43 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary When students storyboard, they are actively engaged in the learning process and can make connections between the text and their own lives. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. Mahmoud hands his sister, Hana, to another passing raft of refugees, knowing that his mother cannot hold her and swim. Refugee is both thrilling and heartrending. for a group? Purchasing What can you learn about the people and the time period from these allusions? Aarons purported crime is that he is still practicing law when the Nazis have expressly forbidden the Jewish community from that profession. In what ways were they taken advantage of or harmed by the cruelty and apathy of others? Things dont go as planned when a fight breaks out and the family has to leave their car and belongings behind. This is an engaging tale. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. (including. Each child experiences traumatic losses and personal victories as they struggle to escape the political instability of their homelands. publication online or last modification online. Impossible odds and families in peril make for vivid and unrelenting suspense in these stories of flight and daring. It is shabbos and time for Josefs Bar Mitzvah, the Jewish religious ceremony when a Jewish boy turns 13 years old. Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. Anincredibly important, heartrending, edge-of-the-seat read, bringing light to the plight of immigrants who search for safety and freedom. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. In Refugee, what is the climax of Mahmoud's story. Out of the 937 aboard, roughly 254 ultimately perished in Nazi concentration camps. 3 Mar. publication in traditional print. Lito, Isabels grandfather, allows himself to be deported so that the Fernandezes can make it to Florida. The St. Louis was an actual ship that sailed from Hamburg to Cuba in May, 1939 under the command of Captain Gustav Schrder. everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Refugee. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Officer Padron, a Cuban policeman assigned to the St. Louis, saves Josefs father. The two families face much peril in the Florida straits: giant tankers, a hurricane that blows them off course, running out of fuel and water, deadly sharks, and Mami's going into labor all while trying to avoid the U.S. Coast guard so that they can make it to shore where they can claim asylum. Also, there are parallels between the three stories, and at the end, all of the three stories are connected. The scale of the devastation in Syria is immense: Given its historical roots, why did Gratz write the novel as a work of fiction? Refugeeis both. In Isabels journey, Ivn is claimed by sharks, which symbolize the life-taking maw of the ocean. Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. Instant PDF downloads. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. In doing so, he is able to atone for a past crime: he is Mariano Padron, one of the police officers who kept the passengers of the St. Louis from disembarking in Cuba in 1939, and only after stalling them for days with the false promise of maana. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. His father, Aaron, is taken away by the Nazis on Kristallnacht and is sent to the Dachau concentration camp. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. 2023 . Pam Muoz Ryan, author of Echo and Esperanza Rising. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. The second is the date of Through the perils and forced courage of his protagonists, Gratz highlights the biggest tragedy of all refugee crises in history: the loss of childhood. Refugee (Alan Gratz) - Pages 164 - 215 Summary & Analysis Because of this, they all want to escape to a safer place. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing. The rest of the passengers grow angry. Ruth promises to help Mahmoud find Hana. Josef's family is finally reunited months later in 1939, and they attempt to escape Nazi Germany aboard the M.S. And although Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud are separated by continents and decades, surprisingconnections will tie their stories together in the end. Josef and his family flee Nazi Germany in 1938; Isabel and her family flee Cuba in 1994; and Mahmoud and his family flee Syria in 2015. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. . Chapter 1 Summary: "Josef: Berlin, Germany1938". Kimberly Brubaker Bradley, Newbery Honor winning author of The War That Saved My Life. The Landaus disembark in France, which gives them some months of respite. The Syrian Civil War is still ongoing as of 2021. With the threat of concentration camps looming, he and his family board a ship bound for the other side of the world Isabel is a Cuban girl in 1994. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. He is gaunt and thin; looking "like an escapee from a mental asylum" (36). Ed. In 1938 Berlin, a 12-year-old Jewish boy named Josef is awakened by the sound of Hitler's Brownshirts breaking into his family's apartment. Josef Landauis fleeing Nazi Germany in 1939. The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. The way the content is organized, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. In Josefs story, the very calm of the Atlantic Ocean is menacing, hiding a darker future. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. What are some of the themes, symbols and motifs present in the novel? Josef Landau Josef is a 13-year-old Jewish boy living in Germany in the 1930s. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. According to Gratz, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad continues to wage war on his own people. Captain Schroeder demonstrates how to change the ship's speed. $24.99 Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Judy Blundell, National Book Award winning author of What I Saw and How I Lied. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Isabels beloved grandfather Litoshort for Abuelitois on board as well, though he is unsure about leaving Cuba. The novel begins with the story line of twelve-year-old Josef, a Jewish boy in Germany. The frequent dangers that surround the boat underline the fragility of hope in the life of the novels asylum-seekers. Finally, the Bisharas reach Germany, where they are offered a place to stay by a kind older Jewish woman. You have successfully joined Alan's newsletter list! The family struggles between needing to stay "invisible" in order to avoid danger and survive and becoming "visible" so that those with means can give them aid. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. Josef is a Jewish boy in 1930s Nazi Germany. Six months later, his mother receives a telegram that her husband has been released, but the family must leave Germany immediately. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. Even amongst people who have lost everything, they still have empathy toward this man who showed the same courtesy to a fellow Jewish person. What character traits are Josef's? | Refugee (Alan Gratz) Questions You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Josef understands himself to be German, and yet the Nazis are trying to take away this aspect of German Jewish peoples identity. REFUGEE braids three different stories of young refugees. Meeting Aaron at Hamburg, Josef is shocked to see his once-confident father visibly anxious and harrowed. Mahmouds father arranges for a smuggler to take them to the island of Lesbos, in Greece. Refugee Characters. Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. Refugee Book Review | Common Sense Media Plus, our printable worksheets make it easy to take the fun offline. And why do children lead the novels action? The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs eNotes.com Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Berlin. Mahmoud; Waleed; their parents, Youssef and Fatima; and their baby sister, Hana, leave for Germany. Contact us -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. The novel follows the stories of three refugee children in three different geographic locations and points in time. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. As Gratz observes in his author's note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying . Josefs father is taken to Havana to recover. SparkNotes PLUS From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. In the back of the book, the author Alan Gratz offers ways that people can help refugees like Josef, Isabel, Mahmoud, and their families. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. Josef: Havana Harbor 1939, 19 days (2). After a riot in Havana, Isabels family decides that they should also leave Cuba immediately. Refugee is a novel by Alan Gratz that examines three interrelated stories of the refugee experience. Chapter 34 Summary: "Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939" Aboard the MS St. Louis, the passengers give a hero's welcome to Officer Padronthe policeman who rescued Josef's father from the water. Josef did, and he sacrificed himself for Ruth. LitCharts Teacher Editions. All are escaping persecution and seeking safety and freedom. At only 13, Josef takes on much of the family's responsibilities. Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. Refugee Character Analysis | SuperSummary date the date you are citing the material. Eventually, the rest of the family is rescued by the Greek Coast Guard and taken to Lesbos, where the coast is littered with the bodies of Syrian refugees who drowned in transit. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. Josef; his mother, Rachel; and his sister, Ruth, leave for Hamburg, where they are to meet Aaron and sail to Cuba, which is said to be offering asylum to those fleeing Nazi Germany. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Gratz shows how Josefs experience is not an isolated incident: all over Germany, Jews are facing the same kind of erasure of their culture and identity. The refugees are welcomed in Austria, and Mahmouds family takes a train to Germany. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight"? They board the ship St. Louis, based on the actual ship that brought Jewish refugees to Cuba and then to the United States but was denied entry by both.That ship had to return the refugees to Europe, where they were split among four countries, and when those countries . On the sea, Mahmoud is marooned in the freezing Mediterranean, which ultimately capsizes his ramshackle raft.